Let's consider two matrices, A and B, of the same size (3x2):
Matrix A:
| 1 2 | 3 4 |
| 5 6 | 7 8 |
| 9 10 | 11 12 |
Matrix B:
| 2 -1 | 0 1 |
| 3 -2 | 5 6 |
| 4 -3 | 10 11 |
1. Addition:
To add matrices A and B, simply add the corresponding elements in each row and column.
Matrix C(A+B):
| 3 1 | 3 5 |
| 8 4 | 12 14 |
| 13 7 | 21 23 |
2. Subtraction:
To subtract matrices A and B, subtract the corresponding elements on each row and column.
Matrix D(A – B):
| -1 3 | 3 3 |
| 2 8 | 2 2 |
| 5 13 | 1 1 |
3. Multiplication:
Matrix multiplication is a little more complicated, but it follows specific rules. To multiply matrices A and B (3x2 and 3x2), the resulting matrix will be 3x2.
Matrix E(A x B):
| 20 23 | 39 43 |
| 45 54 | 78 88 |
| 70 85 | 117 131 |
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